We studied family members of a Nova Scotian deme expressing both FHH and NSHPT and found, by PCR amplification of CaR gene exons, that FHH individuals were heterozygous and NSHPT individuals were homozygous for an abnormally large exon 7.
We sought to define the mutation spectrum of the CASR gene in a Danish FHH population and to establish genotype-phenotype relationships regarding the different mutations.
We report a case of unusually severe neonatal FHH due to a novel CaSR gene mutation that presented with perinatal fractures and moderate hypercalcemia.
We identified a novel loss-of-function Q459R mutation in the CASR gene that exhibits mildly reduced sensitivity to calcium and that is associated with apparent autosomal recessive transmission of FHH.
To address this issue, we have analyzed wild-type and mutant CASRs harboring R66H, R66C or N583X-inactivating mutations identified in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia/neonatal severe hyperparathyroid patients, which were transiently expressed in kidney cells.
The inherited disorders, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT), are caused by inactivating mutations in the CASR gene.
Seven inactivating mutations, which cause familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism, show a reduced functional activity of the receptor because they may 1) reduce its affinity for agonists; 2) prevent conversion of the receptor from a putatively immature, high mannose form into the fully glycosylated and biologically active form of the CaR, in addition to lowering its affinity for agonists; or 3) fail to couple the receptor to and/or activate its respective G protein(s).
Molecular genetics in primary hyperparathyroidism: the role of genetic tests in differential diagnosis, disease prevention strategy, and therapeutic planning. A 2017 update.
Missense mutations in the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene have previously been identified in patients with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism.
Inactivating CASR mutations are associated with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism, and activating mutations cause autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH).
Identification and functional characterization of a novel mutation in the calcium-sensing receptor gene in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia: modulation of clinical severity by vitamin D status.
Functional characterization of calcium-sensing receptor codon 227 mutations presenting as either familial (benign) hypocalciuric hypercalcemia or neonatal hyperparathyroidism.
DNA sequence analysis of the CASR gene was undertaken in autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism and familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia Japanese patients, and the functional consequences for the Gi-MAPK pathway and cell surface expression of CASR were determined.